刑事技术在缉毒中的应用

在毒品案件的缉查中 ,我们一方面要注意通过侦查渠道获取直接证据 ,另一方面我们一定要重视运用刑事技术手段 ,收集同案件有关的各类物证、书证、视听资料、鉴定结论等其他间接证据 ,并使之相互印证 ,共同构成一个完整的证据体系 ,切实做到案件实事清楚 ,证据确凿充分 ,为毒品查缉工作发挥刑事技术的作用     

市场经济法制构建的障碍与完善

市场经济模式在我国已初步形成,进一步发展和完善我国社会主义市场经济,必须加强市场经济的法制建设。对市 场经济法制建设中存在的主要障碍,建议从法制建设的主导思想、理论研究及具体方法入手进行解决,并提出构建市场经济法制 完善之思路。     

浅谈擒敌技术训练的组织与实施

擒敌技术训练的组织与实施包括训练准备、训练实施与考核验收几个步骤。训练准备有编写教案、准备场地器材、培训示范班等内容;训练实施包括作业的准备、实施、小结讲评与作业讲评;考核验收要严,严格标准。     

The Scharff technique: training military intelligence officers to elicit information from small cells of sources

ABSTRACT

Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of the Scharff technique for gathering human intelligence, but little is known about how this efficacy might vary among different samples of practitioners. In this training study we examined a sample of military officers (n?=?37). Half was trained in the Scharff technique and compared against officers receiving no Scharff training. All officers received the same case file describing two sources holding information about a terrorist attack. University students (n?=?74) took the role of the semi-cooperative sources. Scharff-trained officers adhered to the training as they (1) aimed to establish the ‘knowing-it-all’ illusion, (2) posed claims as a means of eliciting information, and (3) asked fewer explicit questions. The ‘untrained’ officers asked many explicit questions, questioned the reliability of the provided information, pressured the source, and displayed disappointment with the source's contribution. Scharff-trained officers were perceived as less eager to gather information and left their sources with the impression of having provided comparatively less new information, but collected a similar amount of new information as their untrained colleagues. The present paper both replicates and advances previous work in the field, and marks the Scharff technique as a promising technique for gathering human intelligence.     

The structure of foreign policy attitudes in transatlantic perspective: Comparing the United States,United Kingdom,France and Germany

While public opinion about foreign policy has been studied extensively in the United States, there is less systematic research of foreign policy opinions in other countries. Given that public opinion about international affairs affects who gets elected in democracies and then constrains the foreign policies available to leaders once elected, both comparative politics and international relations scholarship benefit from more systematic investigation of foreign policy attitudes outside the United States. Using new data, this article presents a common set of core constructs structuring both American and European attitudes about foreign policy. Surveys conducted in four countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany) provide an expanded set of foreign policy‐related survey items that are analysed using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Measurement equivalence is specifically tested and a common four‐factor structure that fits the data in all four countries is found. Consequently, valid, direct comparisons of the foreign policy preferences of four world powers are made. In the process, the four‐factor model confirms and expands previous work on the structure of foreign policy attitudes. The article also demonstrates the capability of ESEM in testing the dimensionality and cross‐national equivalence of social science concepts.     

Attitudes towards highly skilled and low‐skilled immigration in Europe: A survey experiment in 15 European countries

To what extent do economic concerns drive anti‐migrant attitudes? Key theoretical arguments extract two central motives: increased labour market competition and the fiscal burden linked to the influx of migrants. This article provides new evidence regarding the impact of material self‐interest on attitudes towards immigrants. It reports the results of a survey experiment embedded in representative surveys in 15 European countries before and after the European refugee crisis in 2014. As anticipated by the fiscal burden argument, it is found that rich natives prefer highly skilled over low‐skilled migration more than low‐income respondents do. Moreover, the study shows that these tax concerns among the wealthy are stronger if fiscal exposure to migration is high. No support is found for the labour market competition argument predicting that natives will be most opposed to migrants with similar skills. The results suggest that highly skilled migrants are preferred over low‐skilled migrants irrespective of natives’ skill levels.     

口蹄疫病毒O型和A型交互反应性单克隆抗体的筛选与鉴定

不同血清型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)之间不能产生交叉免疫保护,但是血清学的交叉反应确实存在。本研究旨在建立一种筛选型间交互反应性抗体的方法,以期为解析FMDV血清型间保守的抗原结构奠定基础。本方法主要依据单个B细胞抗体技术,首先采用两种不同的荧光染料FluoProbes 647H和Pacific Blue分别标记O型与A型FMDV 146S灭活抗原,然后利用流式细胞分选技术,从免疫牛外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中分选出结合两种抗原的特异性B细胞,通过单个B细胞抗体基因测定,获得Ig G抗体重链与轻链可变区编码序列,并将可变区基因插入含有牛IgG抗体恒定区的pcDNA3.4载体中,构建IgG抗体的重链与轻链表达质粒。将重链与轻链表达质粒共转染中国仓鼠卵巢悬浮细胞(CHO-S)进行完整抗体表达。结果显示,通过该方法获得了5株FMDV特异性单克隆抗体,其中4株(H64、R82、I16、R29)经间接免疫荧光(IFA)检测都可特异性识别O和A型FMDV;ELISA结果显示,H64、R82、I16与O、A型抗原均具有较好的亲合力;Western-blot结果显示,I16可特异性结合O、A型FMDV结构蛋白VP2中的线性表位,说明在衣壳蛋白VP2上存在血清型间保守的抗原表位,通过本研究进一步加深了对FMDV抗原结构的认识。     

浅论犯罪心理画像在我国刑侦实践中的应用

犯罪心理画像主要是运用精神分析、行为心理学的理论和原理对与犯罪有关的行为进行分析,以提供犯罪行为人最为可能的人格特征、心理特征、行为特征等信息,从而协助侦查机关确定侦查范围的一种技术和方法。近些年来,犯罪心理画像已越来越多的引起侦查学界的关注和兴趣。然而只有正确理解和把握犯罪心理画像的适用条件、研究方法、以及厘清刑事科学技术与其的关系,才能更好的将其应用于侦查实践之中。犯罪心理画像可适用于任何刑事案件,关键在于通过剖析、研究个案中犯罪行为人的心理,积累行为资料,为侦查实践提供理论支持和案例指导。     

警察在干预自杀事件中的作用

自杀是一个严重的社会问题。面对当前日益严峻的自杀问题,警察作为维护国家安全、维护社会治安秩序、保护人民生命财产安全的重要力量,在多数情况下是自杀现场的第一处置人员。因此,正确认识自身在处理自杀事件中的角色,掌握恰当的干预自杀的方法与技巧,对于警察来说是极其重要的。     

在蓝绿两极化困局下“脱色政治”的努力

当蓝绿对峙推进到"北蓝南绿"的区域政治的极端形式时,其结构性困境也在逐一显现。蓝绿两极化政治并非台湾政治发展的宿命。由"颜色政治"向"脱色政治"发展,是走向常态化执政的任何一位台湾政治领导人都无法回避的选择。而突破当下政治的结构性困局,建立超越"颜色政治"的公共伦理,对两岸关系具有多重意涵,大陆因素可以在促进岛内区域政治向有利于两岸关系方面的,发挥实质性的影响力。